In today's world, with the growth of complex psychological issues such as stress, anxiety, and self-criticism, finding effective solutions to improve mental health has become important. Kristen Neff's "self-compassion" theory in positive psychology, with its three components of self-kindness, mindfulness, and a sense of human community, offers an effective approach to reducing negative judgment and strengthening resilience. However, this theory was formed in the context of Western culture and focuses less on spiritual and deep moral dimensions. In contrast, the teachings of Imam Ali (AS) in Nahj al-Balagha offer a comprehensive model for psychological and inner growth and emphasize moral responsibility and man's position before God. This study, using an analytical-descriptive method and using library resources, has conducted a comparative analysis of Neff's theory based on the teachings of Nahj al-Balagha. The results show that in terms of ethical principles and social obligations, it is possible to establish a harmonious link between self-compassion and Islamic teachings and present a more comprehensive model including human, divine, and social dimensions that has lasting effects.