نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
Using the theoretical framework of discourse analysis and relying on situational context analysis, the present study explores Sermon 233 of Nahj al-Balagha to elucidate the relationship between its linguistic, ethical, and social signifiers (signifiers) and the cultural and political conditions during the caliphate of Imam Ali (AS). The main hypothesis of this research is that the lexical structure and key concepts of this sermon are not merely general, timeless ethical propositions, but rather a systematic reflection of the intellectual configurations and social deviances of the era in which it was delivered. In this study, by extracting the linguistic signifiers of the sermon and cross-referencing their semantic meanings with lexicographical sources and commentaries of Nahj al-Balagha, and subsequently conducting a comparative rereading with Sermon 108, it is demonstrated that both texts bear witness to the reproduction of the macro-discourse of warning against collective deviance in Nahj al-Balagha. The research findings indicate that the linguistic signs in Sermon 233—such as the scarcity of truth-speakers, the prevalence of hypocrisy, compromise (flattery), and laxity in defending justice—are a practical-discursive response to the crisis of silence and the infiltration of deviant factions, particularly the Umayyad sedition (Fitna) in Kufan society. This closely aligns with the conditions described by the Imam (AS) in his sermons reproaching the Kufans and warning against the Umayyad sedition, specifically in Sermon 108.
کلیدواژهها English
