An exploration of the sermon of Al-Dura al-Yatimah based on the investigation of the authenticity of monotheistic expressions attributed to Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him)

In explaining the relationship between God and creatures, a statement from Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) has been mentioned and al-Ṭabrisī's "al-iḥtijāj ʿalā ahl al-lajāj" has been cited as the source of this statement. This phrase is as follows: "His monotheism is distinguishing Him from His creation, and the distinction between His creations is distinct in attributes, and there is no complete separation between Him and His creations." (تَوْحِیدُهُ تَمْیِیزُهُ عَنْ خَلْقِهِ؛ وَ حُکْمُ التَّمْیِیزِ بَیْنُونَةُ صِفَةٍ لا بَیْنُونَةُ عُزْلَةٍ). The important function of the mentioned statement, considering that Tabarsi did not mention a document for his narration, made us to investigate the authenticity of this statement. In this regard, it became clear that this statement was mentioned in the long and little-known sermon of Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) with the title "Al- Al-Yaitimah". To this day, apparently, the oldest record of it is related to Qazi Noman in the 4th century of Hijri. This sermon, in fact, is the main source of sermon 186 of Nahj al-Balaghah, which Sayyed Razi considered this sermon to contain the principles of monotheism. The mentioned statement is in addition to what is mentioned in the sermon of al-Dura, It is also mentioned among the words attributed to Hossein Ibn Mansour al-Hallaj. But Hallaj's statement is actually a summary statement of some phrases of Al-Dura Al-Yatimah. Mentioning the verses of this sermon, in the rest of the sayings of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) as well as the presence of similar hadiths with the statement mentioned in al-Ihtjaj, makes the attribution of these statements to Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) very strong and makes it preferable to attribute it to him.