Today, the concept of justice is regarded as a key principle in human societies. Justice, as it exists in many religious and philosophical literatures, has been also mentioned in various texts. One of the most important texts related to the concept of justice is Nahj al-Balagha. Nahj al-Balagha, as a great historical and literary work, has played a significant role in the emergence and development of the concept of justice in the Islamic culture. On the other hand, from the perspective of human rights, the concept of justice is emphasized as the main principle for maintaining human rights and distributing resources and opportunities in society. The notion of human rights seeks to provide guarantees for preserving the dignity and rights of individuals and society in general, and social justice is also a part of this effort. This research, as a descriptive-analytical and comparative study, is an attempt to answer the question “What are the similarities and differences between the concept of justice in Nahj al-Balagha and human rights?” Nahj al-Balagha and human rights emphasize the importance of human dignity, equality, social justice and fair distribution of wealth. Justice in human rights is mostly based on philosophy and natural rights, while justice in Nahj al-Balagha is rooted in religion and Sharia. Justice in Nahj al-Balagha has wider dimensions including moral, social, economic.